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- <text id=93TT0466>
- <link 93TO0102>
- <title>
- Nov. 08, 1993: Cloning Classics
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Nov. 08, 1993 Cloning Humans
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SCIENCE, Page 70
- Cloning Classics
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> When it comes to dealing with cloning, ethicists and science-fiction
- writers have almost indistinguishable job descriptions. Both
- groups propose hypothetical situations in which cloning might
- happen, then examine the likely implications. The only real
- difference is that ethicists respect the laws of plausibility
- and don't waste much time on scenarios that probably won't ever
- come to pass. Science-fiction writers trash those same laws
- with creative gusto.
- </p>
- <p> The result has been a relentless stream of outrageous books,
- movies and television shows, beginning with Aldous Huxley's
- Brave New World, published 61 years ago, and continuing through
- the summer's box-office behemoth, Jurassic Park. There are mysteries,
- thrillers, love stories--even a sci-fi parody of an old pop
- song ("Weird Al" Yankovic's I Think I'm a Clone Now, sung to
- the tune of Tommy James and the Shondells' I Think We're Alone
- Now). Cloning, in fact, has been a fertile enough subject to
- earn its own lengthy entry in the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction.
- </p>
- <p> Freed from the anchor of realism, fiction writers have drifted
- off in all sorts of strange directions. Huxley's idea was that
- cloning based on embryo splitting (he called it "bokanovskification")
- would be used to mass-produce drones for performing menial labor.
- Huxley's Gammas, Deltas and Epsilons were separated from the
- higher-class Alphas and Betas not just by economic status but
- also by biologically engineered physical and intellectual traits.
- </p>
- <p> A different vision of cloning, involving not just the splitting
- of embryos but the generation of an entire human from a bit
- of tissue, leads down another fanciful path: re-creating a specific
- person. In Ben Bova's novel Multiple Man (1976), several exact
- copies of the U.S. President are found dead and no one is certain
- whether a clone or the real McCoy sits in the Oval Office. In
- Nancy Freedman's 1973 book Joshua, Son of None, the clone is
- a real President, John F. Kennedy. And, Ira Levin's 1976 novel
- (later a movie), The Boys from Brazil, imagines neo-Nazis cloning
- a batch of Hitlers; luckily the conspirators' failure to duplicate
- precisely the real Hitler's upbringing leaves the ersatz Fuhrers
- imperfectly evil.
- </p>
- <p> If cloning became common, then sex--along with male and female
- genders--would be unnecessary. That's the conceit of books
- such as Charles Eric Maine's World Without Men (1958) and Poul
- Anderson's Virgin Planet (1959). Conversely, cloning might be
- a device for preserving love. The 1991 British TV miniseries
- The Cloning of Joanna May, based on a Fay Weldon novel, is about
- a man who dumps his unfaithful wife--but only after cloning
- her so he can replace her with her twin a few years down the
- line.
- </p>
- <p> There is one aspect of cloning, though, that writers have largely
- overlooked: its potential for laughs. The most obvious exception
- to that rule is Woody Allen in Sleeper. The high point of the
- film comes when Allen's character kidnaps the severed nose of
- a Big Brother-like dictator before it can be cloned to oppress
- the world once more, and holds it hostage at gunpoint. It's
- hard, though intriguing, to imagine what ethicists would do
- with that one.
- </p>
- <p> By Michael D. Lemonick. Reported by David Bjerklie/New York
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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